Is Global Climate Change Manmade - 1318 Words

Is Global Climate Change Manmade? To get an understanding, Global warming is when the earth’s temperatures rise more than average causing drastic weather and climate change. It all began during the industrial era in the early 1800s where fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas became the primary source of energy. Since then many people had soon discovered that fossil fuels have improved their way of life, therefore the use and demand for fuel has been on the rise. In the United States it s self currently provides more than 85 percent of all the energy consumption – that’s nearly two-thirds of our electricity (Ronnie D. Lankford)! Even though many people argue that these fossil fuels have improved our standards of life, such as providing us with electricity that light up our homes, or fuel that gets our cars running, taking us from point A to B. 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Declining Educational Standards In Karachi Pakistan Education Essay Free Essays

string(70) " a cardinal factor in any instruction system, is hapless in Pakistan\." The cause of this probe was to place the chief grounds which decline the educational criterions at secondary degree in Karachi, Pakistan. The population of the survey was both â€Å" authorities and private † schools pupils and instructors. The positions of male and female pupils and instructors were sought out. We will write a custom essay sample on Declining Educational Standards In Karachi Pakistan Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Majority of the respondents had the position that the bing uneffective course of study and rating system are the chief grounds of worsening educational criterions at secondary degree in Karachi, Pakistan. Many of the respondents stated that imperfect disposal along with bad review system became its grounds. Short figure of respondent opinioned that improper wellness installations, deficiency of co-curricular activities and outmoded learning methods caused the sub standard instruction. Introduction The instruction is going one of the specifying endeavors of the twenty-first century with the outgrowth of globalisation and increasing planetary competition. Pakistan is determined to react positively to emerging demands, chances and challenges of globalisation. Education is being considered a cardinal to alter and come on. Advancement and prosperity of the state depends on the sort of instruction that is provided to the people. This survey was designed to explicate and foreground the criterions of instruction at secondary degree in Karachi. Educational criterions present standards by which judgements can be made by province and local school forces and communities, assisting them to make up one’s mind which course of study, Torahs of disposal, wellness plan, staff development activity and assessment plan is appropriate. Educational criterions promote policies that will convey coordination, consistence, and coherency to the betterment of the procedure of instruction. They allo w everyone to travel in the same way, with the confidence that the hazards they take in the name of bettering instruction will be supported by policies and patterns throughout the system. Performance criterions describe what degree of public presentation is good plenty for pupils to be described as advanced, proficient, below basic, or by some other public presentation degree. Normally educational criterion stands for quality of instruction. Quality has been the end of an ageless pursuit through the corridors of human history. It has been the divining force of all human enterprises. Educational criterions of Pakistan have been a burning issue among the educationists since independency. Every member of the society has its ain positions concern the educational criterions in Pakistan. Although, every authorities tried its best to raise the criterions of instruction but their attempts were chiefly limited to fixing merely educational policies in documents. We could non happen practical execution of their recommendations sing criterions of instruction in Pakistan. In the more huge sense a criterion is any thing used to mensurate, for illustration a criterion of behavior, a criterion of weight or length. Actually a criterion is a thing which has been used as a theoretical account to which objects or actions may be compared. The criterion of instruction is define d in Encyclopedia of Education ( 1985 ) in the undermentioned sense: â€Å" In the instruction context, so, criterions should be regarded as aims to be achieved or outlooks of desirable attitude or degrees of public presentation † .[ 1 ] Research Questions: Why the Karachi Secondary instruction declined? What the grounds behind the worsening criterion of secondary instruction in Karachi? What are the solution which can raise the criterion of secondary instruction in Karachi? Aims of the survey ( I ) To specify the existent significance of educational criterions. ( two ) To analyse the positions and sentiment of pupils and instructors about-the chief grounds of worsening educational criterions at secondary degree in Karachi. ( three ) To give suggestions and recommendation for bettering the educational criterions at secondary degree. Methodology: This survey depended on quantitative Secondary research, we analysing the information which is already available in records. The intent is to determine the overall public presentation of the authorities and private secondary schools sing standard instruction provided by them. Consequences: The collected information was converted into tabular arraies. Findingss and decisions were drawn in the visible radiation of these tabular arraies by the research workers. Table 1. The thoughts and positions of authorities secondary schools male and female pupils sing the chief grounds of worsening educational criterions at secondary degree in Karachi[ 2 ]. S.No Description Male ( Agree ) ( % ) Male ( Disagree ) ( % ) Female ( Agree ) ( % ) Female ( Disagree ) ( % ) 1 Defective disposal 70 30 90 10 2 Inflexible course of study 80 20 80 20 3 Ineffective rating system 65 35 60 40 4 Imperfect review system 70 30 55 45 5 Improper wellness installations 45 55 55 45 6 Lack of co-curricular activities 55 45 45 55 7 Outdated instruction methods 95 05 90 10 8 Inaccessibility of scholarships 45 55 30 70 Table 2[ 3 ]. Private secondary schools studentaˆYs positions about the causes of low standard instruction at secondary degree in Karachi were highlighted. S.No Description Male ( Agree ) ( % ) Male ( Disagree ) ( % ) Female ( Agree ) ( % ) Female ( Disagree ) ( % ) 1 Defective disposal 60 40 70 30 2 Inflexible course of study 65 35 85 15 3 Ineffective rating system 75 25 70 30 4 Imperfect review system 65 35 90 10 5 Improper wellness installations 40 60 50 50 6 Lack of co-curricular activities 30 70 45 55 7 Outdated instruction methods 95 05 95 05 8 Inaccessibility of scholarships 45 55 35 65 Table 3.[ 4 ]The positions of instructors belonging to authorities secondary schools about the chief grounds of worsening criterion of instruction at secondary degree in Karachi are stated. S.No Description Male ( Agree ) ( % ) Male ( Disagree ) ( % ) Female ( Agree ) ( % ) Female ( Disagree ) ( % ) 1 Defective disposal 60 40 40 60 2 Inflexible course of study 80 20 80 20 3 Ineffective rating system 60 40 40 60 4 Imperfect review system 80 20 60 40 5 Improper wellness installations 40 60 60 40 6 Lack of co-curricular activities 40 60 40 60 7 Outdated instruction methods 60 40 60 40 8 Inaccessibility of scholarships 40 60 20 80 The Role and Appointment of Teachers The quality of instructors, which is a cardinal factor in any instruction system, is hapless in Pakistan. You read "Declining Educational Standards In Karachi Pakistan Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" The chief ground is the low degree of educational makings required to go a primary school instructor ; which includes ten old ages of schooling and an eleven-month certification plan. It has been established through assorted surveies that pupil accomplishment is closely related to the figure of old ages of formal schooling of instructors. Therefore, pupils of instructors with 12 old ages of schooling perform better than pupils of matriculate ( 10 old ages instruction ) instructors, who in bend perform better than pupils of instructors with merely grade eightqualifications. The 2nd factor relates to the quality of instructor enfranchisement plans, which suffersfrom the deficiency of adequately trained maestro trainers, small accent on learning pattern and non-existence of a proper support/monitoring system for instructors. In the absence of any commissioned organic structure to attest instructors, the mere acquisition of a certificate/diploma is considered sufficient to use for a teaching place. In add-on, teacher assignment in schools is capable to interference from local involvement groups seeking to topographic point instructors of their pick within their constituency. This has opened the system to graft and lease seeking taking to high degrees of instructor absenteeism accentuated by the absence of an effectual supervising system. The assignment of instructors particularly in primary schools is capable to the political influence or paying immense money. Training for Government Teachers[ 5 ] The disposal of teacher preparation in Pakistan is a provincial duty. However, the course of study wing at the federal degree is besides responsible for teacher instruction institutions.Government primary school instructors are trained through Government Colleges for Elementary Teachers ( GCETs ) , the distance instruction plan of the Allama Iqbal Open University ( AIOU ) , and teacher preparation classs run in secondary schools known as Normal Schools or PTC units. Alumnuss of these establishments are taught a similar course of study, and receive the Primary Teaching Certificate ( PTC ) or Certificate in Teaching ( CT ) at the terminal of one twelvemonth. Generally, the figure of appliers is far greater than the figure of topographic points available. There is besides an acute deficit of instructor preparation installations, peculiarly for female instructors in certain parts and particularly in the state of Balochistan. Private School Teachers The quality of instruction imparted by the bulk of private schools is questionable owing to an acute famine of decently trained and qualified instructors, and any sort of support mechanism for these instructors. Except for big school systems like Beaconhouse, City, Lahore Grammar, and others, which constitute a little per centum of the bing private schools the bulk of others have appointed instructors who are qualified up to intercede ( 12 old ages of schooling ) or BA degree ( 14 old ages of instruction ) , and are paid much lower wages compared to their opposite numbers in the authorities sector in add-on to no occupation security. The big schools and school systems have instituted their ain instructor preparation plans or entree specialised private establishments. There is less disposition in these schools to engaging instructors who have antecedently been trained by authorities establishments and hold grades in B. Ed or M. Ed ; their penchant is for those fluid in English linguis tic communication. Therefore, really few instructors hired by the private schools have had any pre-service preparation. Thereis a felt demand to heighten the professional accomplishments of those who are presently working through assorted inset plans. Discussion Education is a powerful tool and cardinal force in the life of adult male. Deepak ( 2006 ) stated that instruction plays an instructional function in determining the fate of the person and the hereafter of world. SEAMEO-Jasper Research Award ( 2009 ) further clears that instruction provides chances to get cognition and competences to work in a planetary environment. The end of constructing a cohesive, just and harmonious community, bound together in solidarity for deeper apprehension and cooperation, presents new challenges for bookmans and instruction practicians in geting new constructs and advanced theoretical accounts for effectual instruction and acquisition. The criterion of instruction is direct effect and result of the quality of instructors and learning methods used by them. Society believes that competent, effectual instructors are of import keys to a strong system of instruction. Consequently, instructors are expected to be adept in the usage of instructional engineerings and category room direction techniques. They are besides expected to hold a thorough apprehension of the developmental degrees of their pupils and a societal group of the content they teach. To keep and widen this high degree of accomplishments, instructors are expected to be informed of model patterns and to show a devise for professional development. Teacher competence and effectivity includes the duty to assist all scholars win. Sing criterions Seth ( 1970 ) stated that we have provided more and more money to more and more of that we may be making ill. We hope that we could make it better. Educationists of international differentiation have suggested that it will be possible merely by developing suited course of study and using educational engineerings to do the course of study more effectual and the school more efficient. Jalala ( 2004 ) said that on the footing of wide aims, course of study planning should be done and suited capable content, behavioural results and other acquis ition experiences be put in for doing curriculum comprehensive. It should be based on the findings of course of study research and be enriched by interdisciplinary coaction among experts on different topics. All this would lend to the design of a entire school course of study that is complementary every bit good as comprehensive. In Pakistan quality instruction has marked a clear line of favoritism on fiscal evidences, and more well, it is beyond the range of many pupils. Muhammad ( 2009 ) declared that the saddening and deteriorating status of educational system in the state raises many fingers on instruction section, whose representatives, so confidently, sing vocals of success in every of their visual aspect. There is no answerability of the typical landlord civilization, which is traveling on in bulk of the countryaˆYs establishments. If authorities purposes to make the sky of standard instruction and to supply it at doorsill of every Pakistani, it should maintain its eyes u nfastened, as the written records and work in advancement in the edifices named schools, are non in any convincing or absorbing place. Particularly for the betterment of criterion at secondary degree instruction sufficient stairss should be taken, because secondary instruction is linking nexus between primary and high instruction as Srivastara ( 2005 ) stated that secondary instruction is frequently considered as the most of import section of the single acquisition. Harmonizing to Water and McFadden ( 2003 ) secondary school is a topographic point where much complex interaction takes topographic point that has a important impact on the individuality formation of immature people and the consequent success in big life. Education is the basic right of every person in the society but unluckily, educational criterions in Pakistan are worsening fastly. One of the most of import factors in criterions of instruction is good rating system. Evaluation plays a great function in the accomplishments and acquisition of single. Particularly it can be helpful for instructors to analyse as Lal ( 2005 ) stated that rating help the instructors to better his schoolroom processs and methods of learning in the visible radiation of provender back. Unfortunately in Pakistan imperfect rating system besides devalue the criterions of instruction in schools. Recommendation ( I ) The course of study of secondary degree should be improved harmonizing to the demands of clip and wants of the society. ( two ) Introduce high quality choice process for secondary degree instructors and offer the campaigners better inducements. ( three ) The disposal of school should be effectual and efficient. It should maintain democratic attack. ( four ) The rating system at secondary degree should be organized and modern techniques must be used to measure the abilities of a kid. ( V ) There should non be political intervention in educational establishments. ( six ) All secondary authorities and private schools should be allocated with proper wellness installations ( neat and clean and harmonizing to the wellness rules nutrient and handiness of physician or a nurse in the schools ) . ( seven ) The lone trained instructors should be appointed in schools. ( eight ) The secondary school instructors should utilize modern learning methods harmonizing to the age and psychological demands of pupils. ( nine ) There should be chances provided to the pupils for take parting in different co-curricular activities. ( ten ) The procedure of review should be done in proper and democratic manner and the construct of favours should be out of this procedure. ( eleven ) The scholarships should be provided to meriting and intelligent pupils at secondary degree in schools. ( twelve ) Various squads of experts should be involved in executing the above mentioned undertaking of betterment and formation. Decision After analysing the consequences it can be easy concluded that uneffective disposal, non flexible course of study and outdated learning methods used by instructors are the chief grounds of worsening educational criterions at secondary degree. We may state that to some extent the imperfect rating system and bad review involved in this impairment. Improper wellness installations, political intervention, missing of co-curricular activities, non handiness of scholarships are besides some of the factors which destroy criterions of instruction at secondary degree in Karachi. REFFERNCES Spaulding S ( 1970 ) . The record is so impressive, UNESCO Department Publications. Jalala KC ( 2004 ) . Rao Digmarti, Methods of Teaching Educational Technology, Discovery Publishing House. Tiwari D ( 2006 ) . Methods of Teaching Education, Crescent Publishing Corporation. International Encyclopedia of Education, Ref. LB 1569, 1985, 10 Volumes. SEAMEO-Jasper Research Award ( 2009 ) . Annual Report. Subject: â€Å" TeachersaˆY Professional Development in Southeast Asia † . Jalalzai MK ( 2005 ) . The Crisis of Education in Pakistan, State Policies and Textbooks, Al-Abbas international Publications Lahore. Mukhopadhyay M ( 2005 ) . Entire Quality Management in Education, Sage-Publications. JavaScript ( narrative print ) ( 2004 ) . Published on 21st September, Available at World Wide Web. Edweek. Org/rc/issues/standards. Accessed 05 -08-2009. Aslam P ( 2005 ) . Policies and Policy Formation, National Foundation, Lahore. Srivastara DS ( 2005 ) Secondary Education, Mehra Offset Press. Lal JP ( 2005 ) Educational Measurement and Evaluation, Anmol Publications PVT LTD. How to cite Declining Educational Standards In Karachi Pakistan Education Essay, Essay examples

Organizational Behavior and Concepts Essay Example For Students

Organizational Behavior and Concepts Essay Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts Organizational behavior is defined as the study of human behavior in organizations. Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary body of knowledge with strong ties to the behavioral sciences such as psychology, sociology and anthropology as well as to allied sciences. However, the goal of organizational behavior is to integrate the diverse insights of these other disciplines and applying them to real-world problems and opportunities. The ultimate goal of organizational behavior is to improve the performance of people, groups and organizations (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2005). Organizational culture is defined as the shared beliefs and values that influence the behavior of organizational members. The internal environments of organizations display an underlying respect for people and for workforce diversity. Diversity is the presence of individual-differences based on gender, race and ethnicity, age, able-bodiedness, and sexual orientation. Members of diverse organizations are skilled at working successfully with people from different racial and ethnic backgrounds, of different ages and genders, different ethnic and national cultures, and different life styles (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2005). Organizational effectiveness is an indicator of how well organizations perform. The analysis of performance can be done from different perspectives. The first is the systems resource approach, which looks at the input side of the figure and defines effectiveness in terms of success in acquiring needed resources from the organizations external environment. The internal process approach examines the transformation process and examines how efficiently resources are used to produce goods and services. The goal approach looks at the output side to measure achievement of key operating objectives. Last, the strategic constituencies approach analyzes the impact of the organization on key stakeholders and their interests (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2005). Organizational learning is the process of acquiring knowledge and using information to adapt successfully to changing circumstances. Organizations must be able to change continuously and positively while searching for new ideas and opportunities (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2005). My place of employment is Sprint PCS. I am a technical support representative and I am in charge of maintaining the functionality of these devices. I handle all aspects of the phones, PDAs and wireless air cards from making sure that voice calls can be made to maintaining an internet connection to sending and receiving pictures. At my place of employment communication is a key ingredient to our team success. Without effective communication we would not be able to function as an efficient team or company. Culture at the workplace is very much the same across the board. We all share the same values and beliefs, for the most part. We do have a diverse bunch; however. We have all types of people within our group. Our diversity varies between ethnicity, culture, gender, age and sexual orientation. Without the diversity to mix things up, the job would be very mundane and monotonous. We learn new things everyday, whether it is a memo about a change in company policy to a solution to repairing a cellular devices functionality by purely stumbling upon it. Everyday is something new and something learned. We have many different ways to measure our efficiency and effectiveness at work. The main way our upper management gauges this is through monitoring our calls to make sure we are hitting every required point and satisfying the customers needs to the best of our ability. Another way to monitor our success is via our call statistics. If we are within normal guidelines the company makes a profit and stays in business. Resources Schermerhorn, John R, Hunt, James G, Osborn, Richard N. Organizational Behavior. Retrieved June 16, 2005, from the World Wide Web: at http://ecampus.phoenix.edu .